Pakistan and Poland are seeking to expand cooperation in energy, mining, and agriculture, with ORLEN planning to double its investment in Pakistan’s oil and gas sector.
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Poland’s JSW, Europe’s top coking coal producer, mined 1.01 million tons of coal in August—falling short of its monthly target but staying on track to meet annual goals, supported by strong coke output and extended mining licenses.
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Poland’s coal mining industry narrowed its losses in the first half of 2025 but still faces rising costs and falling output. The government has pledged billions in subsidies and loans, with total state support potentially reaching nearly €10 billion by 2031.
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Serbia's central bank is repatriating its entire gold reserve, approximately $6 billion worth, to be held on its own soil, making it the first Eastern European nation to do so and eschewing traditional storage locations like Switzerland, the UK, and the US.
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